H3XAOperational intelligence
Live analytical pictureEvidence before assessment
TypeTechnique
External ID—
First seen2026-08-14
Last seen2026-08-14

Confidence

—

Adversaries may abuse Unix shell commands and scripts for execution. Unix shells are the primary command prompt on Linux, macOS, and ESXi systems, though many variations of the Unix shell exist (e.g. sh, ash, bash, zsh, etc.) depending on the specific OS or distribution.(Citation: DieNet Bash)(Citation: Apple ZShell) Unix shells can control every aspect of a system, with certain commands requiring elevated privileges. Unix shells also support scripts that enable sequential execution of commands as well as other typical programming operations such as conditionals and loops. Common uses of shell scripts include long or repetitive tasks, or the need to run the same set of commands on multiple systems. Adversaries may abuse Unix shells to execute various commands or payloads. Interactive shells may be accessed through command and control channels or during lateral movement such as with [SSH](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1021/004). Adversaries may also leverage shell scripts to deliver and execute multiple commands on victims or as part of payloads used for persistence. Some systems, such as embedded devices, lightweight Linux distributions, and ESXi servers, may leverage stripped-down Unix shells via Busybox, a small executable that contains a variety of tools, including a simple shell.

68 recorded

Relationships

mitigatesMitigation
subtechnique-ofTechnique
usesCampaign
uses
from Anchor
Malware
usesMalware
uses
from APT41
Group
usesGroup
usesMalware
uses
from BPFDoor
Malware
usesMalware
usesMalware
uses
from CallMe
Malware
usesMalware
usesMalware
uses
from Chaos
Malware
usesMalware
usesMalware
usesGroup
usesMalware
usesMalware
uses
from Derusbi
Malware
uses
from Doki
Malware
usesMalware
uses
from Ebury
Malware
usesMalware
usesCampaign
uses
from Fysbis
Malware
uses
from Gomir
Malware
usesMalware
usesMalware
uses
from J-magic
Malware
uses
from Kazuar
Malware
uses
from Kinsing
Malware
uses
from Kobalos
Malware
usesCampaign
usesMalware
uses
from MacMa
Malware
uses
from NETWIRE
Malware
uses
from NKAbuse
Malware
usesCampaign
usesMalware
usesMalware
usesMalware
uses
from Penquin
Malware
uses
from PITSTOP
Malware
uses
from Proton
Malware
usesMalware
usesCampaign
usesCampaign
uses
from REPTILE
Malware
usesMalware
uses
from Rocke
Group
usesGroup
usesGroup
usesMalware
uses
from Skidmap
Malware
usesMalware
uses
from TeamPCP
Group
usesMalware
uses
from TeamTNT
Group
uses
from Turian
Malware
uses
from UNC3886
Group
usesGroup
usesMalware
usesGroup
usesMalware
uses
from XCSSET
Malware
uses
from ZIPLINE
Malware
3 external

References

mitre-attack
T1059.004
open
Apple ZShell
https://support.apple.com/HT208050
open
DieNet Bash
https://linux.die.net/man/1/bash
open